This propaganda poster was issued as part of a week-long campaign in February 1937 to build support for the newly established Republican People’s Army during the Spanish Civil War. The army was founded from a disparate group of workers’ militias that had formed at the outbreak of war in July 1936 to defend the Republic against the military coup attempted by General Franco’s Nationalists, who were aided by Hitler and Mussolini. The Republican People’s Army, in turn, was supplemented by the idealistic volunteers of the International Brigades and support from Stalin. It was one of numerous posters produced by both sides during the war, which did not end until 1939 with a Nationalist victory. The major cities of Barcelona, Madrid, and Valencia had at least two large poster workshops each in continuous operation during the war, and many visitors to those cities reported on the numerous bold and colorful posters, banners, and fliers posted throughout the streets and subways. This design, with the three soldiers marching in formation in the foreground as they look directly at the viewer, was also printed in a variant with the soldiers in red, a color frequently used in posters issued by the Republicans and their supporters.