Only in operation from May 1940 through June 1942, the Office for Emergency Management helped coordinate and disseminate information surrounding issues of national defense. Here, French poster artist Jean Carlu (who moved to the United States in 1939) shows parallel images of a factory worker hot riveting a ship and a soldier manning a stylized M1917 Browning machine gun. Before an official propaganda arm of the government was created during the war, President Roosevelt turned to notable art directors like Charles T. Coiner of the advertising agency N.W. Ayer & Son to help produce posters and other visual materials. Coiner had previously worked with the government on the National Recovery Act, coming up with its Blue Eagle logo. Coiner and others like him were fans of European and American modernism, and handpicked designers to create striking images like this one.